When it comes to copyright law and the application of fair use exceptions, ignorance is definitely not bliss! Learn how to educate yourselves and your students and avoid making a costly mistake!
You really did plan to find time over the summer to familiarize yourself with the latest information on copyright law. You absolutely intended to look up the fair use guidelines for using technology resources. You truly meant to create a classroom copyright policy, locate agencies that grant permissions to use copyrighted materials, write a template for a permission request form, and locate sites to teach students about the value of original work and the societal benefits of obeying copyright laws. You just had a few other things to do.
So now you have a student who wants to include audio of a Beatles song in a multimedia presentation about the 1960s, another who wants to include the poem "Casey at the Bat" in a report on the World Series, and a third who wants to post photographs of Biden and Obama to the class Web site.
What's an educator to do? Read Education World's five-part series on copyright, fair use, and new technologies, that's what! We did the work so you wouldn't have to!
Source: http://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/curr280.shtml
วันพุธที่ 15 กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. 2555
Chapter 12 Knowledge Management
Samsung Electronics’ Knowledge Management System
In April, 2009 the Visual Display Division of Samsung Electronics' Digital Media Business had just completed work on a ground breaking high-resolution LED TV. The company was vigorously engaged in a massive campaign to announce this remarkable product, which was expected to take the global TV market by storm. The Visual Display Division was poised to take a well deserved breather from the marathon development and production phases of this landmark project and take a moment to bask in the glory of their achievement. Shortly, they came to understand why it is often said that no good deed goes unpunished. The Division was blindsided by the call to initiate a new mission. Samsung management issued an edict: The Visual Display Division will roll out full-HD 3DTV within a year. There was no time to waste resting on their laurels, it was time for the division to get cracking .... again.
Korea's Hyundai IT had developed a 3DTV in 2007 and Sony was making systemic preparations to beat Samsung Electronics to the market with a 3DTV of their own. There was little doubt that Samsung Electronics was playing catch-up. The best and the brightest of relevant departments were assembled to staff the new mission. Two task forces, identified as C7000 and C8000, were immediately established. The task forces dusted off the results of studies on 3D that were conducted over the past several years and began to give them a fresh look.
At this time Samsung Electronics’ knowledge management system (KMS), called the Test and Error Management System, or TEMS, was called upon to play a key role in the project. TEMS, which is known by Samsung electronics engineers as the "treasure chest", contains all information related to each step of Samsung Electronics' product development. The one-year process of developing 3DTV is also enshrined in TEMS, as is to be expected. In fact, in addition to the stellar efforts of the highly committed team in the Visual Display Division, it was Samsung Electronics’ knowledge management system that was responsible for closing the gulf between them and their rivals and making it happen in just one year.
In his book, Management Challenges for the 21st Century, Peter Drucker noted "The 21st century is a knowledge-based society, where knowledge workers are the most important factor of production. In other words, conventional economics' production factors, the 4Ms - Man, Machine, Material and Method - will be replaced by workers armed with knowledge. Thus, management of knowledge workers will form the foundation of corporate management."
As the technology of TV has evolved to deliver HD 3DTV, so has the methodology of producing world-class products and maintaining a competitive advantage in the global marketplace. Samsung demonstrated in practice what Drucker proposed in this book, that by leveraging the value of their KMS, they were able to achieve the goal of HD 3DTV in a year. This is a fact that is surely not lost on their rivals.
Source:http://www.koreaittimes.com/story/10828/samsung-electronics%E2%80%99-knowledge-management-system
Korea's Hyundai IT had developed a 3DTV in 2007 and Sony was making systemic preparations to beat Samsung Electronics to the market with a 3DTV of their own. There was little doubt that Samsung Electronics was playing catch-up. The best and the brightest of relevant departments were assembled to staff the new mission. Two task forces, identified as C7000 and C8000, were immediately established. The task forces dusted off the results of studies on 3D that were conducted over the past several years and began to give them a fresh look.
At this time Samsung Electronics’ knowledge management system (KMS), called the Test and Error Management System, or TEMS, was called upon to play a key role in the project. TEMS, which is known by Samsung electronics engineers as the "treasure chest", contains all information related to each step of Samsung Electronics' product development. The one-year process of developing 3DTV is also enshrined in TEMS, as is to be expected. In fact, in addition to the stellar efforts of the highly committed team in the Visual Display Division, it was Samsung Electronics’ knowledge management system that was responsible for closing the gulf between them and their rivals and making it happen in just one year.
Samsung closed the gulf between its rivals after adopting its knowledge management system
As the technology of TV has evolved to deliver HD 3DTV, so has the methodology of producing world-class products and maintaining a competitive advantage in the global marketplace. Samsung demonstrated in practice what Drucker proposed in this book, that by leveraging the value of their KMS, they were able to achieve the goal of HD 3DTV in a year. This is a fact that is surely not lost on their rivals.
Source:http://www.koreaittimes.com/story/10828/samsung-electronics%E2%80%99-knowledge-management-system
วันจันทร์ที่ 6 กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. 2555
Chapter 11
Toyota is all about the customer. We hear a lot — and I’ve written a lot on this blog — about the Toyota Production System, anglicized in the United States as Lean, but we haven’t known much about the role of Information Technology at Toyota.
Baseline Magazine has a great article on Toyota; specifically, the role of technology at Toyota1:
And behind TPS is information technology—supporting and enabling the business processes that help Toyota eliminate waste, operate with virtually no inventory and continually improve production.
Technology does not drive business processes at Toyota. The Toyota Production System does. However, technology plays a critical role by supporting, enabling and bringing to life on a mass scale the processes derived by adhering to TPS.
And more,
Over the years, Toyota refined a number of other concepts and production methods that support the two central TPS pillars. And behind each of those pillars are information systems, supporting and enabling the processes:
Just-in-time: Toyota employs one of the most sophisticated supply chain systems in manufacturing, working closely with suppliers to ensure that parts arrive just when needed. For example, when a car comes out of the paint shop in Georgetown, the system sends seat supplier Johnson Controls an electronic message detailing the exact configuration of the seats required (leather upholstery, bucket seats, etc.); Johnson Controls has four hours to ship those seats to the plant in the exact sequence required. The instructions are provided by Toyota’s proprietary Assembly Line Control System (ALCS) software.
Jidoka: At every stage of the assembly line, Toyota employs devices allowing workers to stop production to correct defects. Such devices may be as simple as a rope strung above the assembly line, or a button that can be pushed. In other cases, it is sophisticated monitoring software such as Activplant’s Performance Management System, which can alert operators to problems with equipment or robots in real time.
Kaizen: This is a system for continuous improvement. Toyota constantly looks to improve its business processes by finding ways to take Muda (waste) out of the system. It can be as simple as moving a tool to an assembly station so a worker does not need to waste time walking to get the tool. Or it may involve technology, such as allowing dealerships to swap car inventories using the Dealer Daily, an Internet portal, so customers are not left waiting longer for the vehicle they want.
Andon: Wherever possible, Toyota uses visual controls, or Andons, such as overhead displays, plasma screens and electronic dashboards to quickly convey the state of work. On the assembly line floor, for example, overhead Andons tell a supervisor with one glance whether the station is functioning smoothly (a green light), whether there is a problem being investigated (yellow light) or whether the assembly line has stopped (red light). Newer plasma screens, tied into assembly line equipment, provide even more information such as which machine malfunctioned, the operator and the exact conditions (speed, temperature) when it broke down.
Poka Yoke: Toyota uses a range of these low-cost, highly reliable devices throughout its operations to prevent defects. A PokaYoke may be something as simple as a tool holder with an electronic sensor, or it may be a light curtain, a beam of light that sends a signal to a computer when a hand or some other object interrupts its flow. The curtain can signal a warning if, for instance, a worker fails to pick up a cotter pin, bolt, nut or some other required part.
Genchi Genbutsu: The literal translation of this term is, “Go and see for yourself.” Rather than hear about a problem, Toyota requires its workers, team leaders and executives to go and see a problem directly and to work collectively on a solution. At least 50% of Toyota’s information systems workers are stationed at plant sites to work directly with operations.
A case in point in how technology supports TPS and the customer:
In all, the Dealer Daily [Toyota's application for car dealers] incorporates more than 120 business applications, and like all Toyota initiatives, it is constantly undergoing Kaizen to look for more improvements and opportunities to remove Muda. Case in point: Toyota recently added the capability for dealers to find out which vehicles it has in the production pipeline, and make changes such as switching a cloth interior to leather. (Dealer Daily is integrated into Toyota’s mainframe systems through file transfer protocol and System Network Architecture [SNA], IBM’s proprietary networking architecture, although Web services are now being explored.) By logging in the next day, the dealer can find out if the changes were received in time and accepted. This allows the dealers to more closely customize orders to actual customer demand.
Here’s a look at the current proprietary technologies at Toyota, all modified to support the business:
Source: http://www.shmula.com/information-technology-at-toyota/205/
Baseline Magazine has a great article on Toyota; specifically, the role of technology at Toyota1:
And behind TPS is information technology—supporting and enabling the business processes that help Toyota eliminate waste, operate with virtually no inventory and continually improve production.
Technology does not drive business processes at Toyota. The Toyota Production System does. However, technology plays a critical role by supporting, enabling and bringing to life on a mass scale the processes derived by adhering to TPS.
And more,
Over the years, Toyota refined a number of other concepts and production methods that support the two central TPS pillars. And behind each of those pillars are information systems, supporting and enabling the processes:
Just-in-time: Toyota employs one of the most sophisticated supply chain systems in manufacturing, working closely with suppliers to ensure that parts arrive just when needed. For example, when a car comes out of the paint shop in Georgetown, the system sends seat supplier Johnson Controls an electronic message detailing the exact configuration of the seats required (leather upholstery, bucket seats, etc.); Johnson Controls has four hours to ship those seats to the plant in the exact sequence required. The instructions are provided by Toyota’s proprietary Assembly Line Control System (ALCS) software.
Jidoka: At every stage of the assembly line, Toyota employs devices allowing workers to stop production to correct defects. Such devices may be as simple as a rope strung above the assembly line, or a button that can be pushed. In other cases, it is sophisticated monitoring software such as Activplant’s Performance Management System, which can alert operators to problems with equipment or robots in real time.
Kaizen: This is a system for continuous improvement. Toyota constantly looks to improve its business processes by finding ways to take Muda (waste) out of the system. It can be as simple as moving a tool to an assembly station so a worker does not need to waste time walking to get the tool. Or it may involve technology, such as allowing dealerships to swap car inventories using the Dealer Daily, an Internet portal, so customers are not left waiting longer for the vehicle they want.
Andon: Wherever possible, Toyota uses visual controls, or Andons, such as overhead displays, plasma screens and electronic dashboards to quickly convey the state of work. On the assembly line floor, for example, overhead Andons tell a supervisor with one glance whether the station is functioning smoothly (a green light), whether there is a problem being investigated (yellow light) or whether the assembly line has stopped (red light). Newer plasma screens, tied into assembly line equipment, provide even more information such as which machine malfunctioned, the operator and the exact conditions (speed, temperature) when it broke down.
Poka Yoke: Toyota uses a range of these low-cost, highly reliable devices throughout its operations to prevent defects. A PokaYoke may be something as simple as a tool holder with an electronic sensor, or it may be a light curtain, a beam of light that sends a signal to a computer when a hand or some other object interrupts its flow. The curtain can signal a warning if, for instance, a worker fails to pick up a cotter pin, bolt, nut or some other required part.
Genchi Genbutsu: The literal translation of this term is, “Go and see for yourself.” Rather than hear about a problem, Toyota requires its workers, team leaders and executives to go and see a problem directly and to work collectively on a solution. At least 50% of Toyota’s information systems workers are stationed at plant sites to work directly with operations.
A case in point in how technology supports TPS and the customer:
In all, the Dealer Daily [Toyota's application for car dealers] incorporates more than 120 business applications, and like all Toyota initiatives, it is constantly undergoing Kaizen to look for more improvements and opportunities to remove Muda. Case in point: Toyota recently added the capability for dealers to find out which vehicles it has in the production pipeline, and make changes such as switching a cloth interior to leather. (Dealer Daily is integrated into Toyota’s mainframe systems through file transfer protocol and System Network Architecture [SNA], IBM’s proprietary networking architecture, although Web services are now being explored.) By logging in the next day, the dealer can find out if the changes were received in time and accepted. This allows the dealers to more closely customize orders to actual customer demand.
Here’s a look at the current proprietary technologies at Toyota, all modified to support the business:
Source: http://www.shmula.com/information-technology-at-toyota/205/
วันจันทร์ที่ 30 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2555
Chapter 10
Pros and cons of Information Technology
Information Technology Pros
1. The world got flexibility
What we think, do or plan must be shared with our co-workers, colleagues and friends. The internet technology has advanced this system to a great extent. The telephone idea (by Alexander Graham Bell) has been modified and made as Cell Phones to increase more flexibility in communication and talk to our dear fellows whenever we require!
2. The sense of responsibility has increased
Let us take ‘Barack Obama- USA President’ as the figure. With the use of networking sites (Twitter and Facebook), blogs, social bookmarking, the leader can approach to the world whenever necessary and we can receive the news and updates which he has done (or wants to be done by us) within a very short period.
3. Easy thinking & evolution in transportation
To think and to research, we need resources to find what our past people has thought, what quotes they have left for us (+information + theory). We can find them by a single click in Search engines (specially Google, Yahoo!). By getting a clear cut idea, we get the chance of contributing the world with new technological ideas and inventions and share what we have learnt throughout our lives.
And throughout the ages, it helped us to evolute the transportation strategy which helps us to visit from a place to another by (Roads, highways, air, water and in the skies!)
4. Saves thousand of lives daily
So, by the point heading I hope you understand I am referring towards Medical Sector development. Each day people are getting relief by the perfect use of Medicine, Hospital Technology with addition of (X-Rays, Laser Treatments) and more on the queue. By the combination of the World Health Organization, various fatal diseases can be overcome and just expelled from specified countries by quick plans and ideas.
5. Increase the sense of Human Rights
The technology can remind of our human rights, basic needs and give updates where relief or worldwide help is necessary. During earthquakes, terrible floods, while co-operation is necessary the World Wide Web can help us to collect the donation by a desired amount.
It is not possible to just figure out everything about the good and bad sides of Information and Technology within a page and article as because it has mixed with every aspects and corners of our lives. Rather, let us look at the side effects, bad sides (cons) which IT-sectors have brought to the Human Society.
Information Technology Cons
It has taken away people’s Privacy
As IT-Sectors have wined the people’s heart worldwide. People are here to share and store any kind of information, private date in their hard drives and private online databases. But due to some Cyber-Criminals, nothing is SO Safe both online and offline. If someone becomes a bit careless, s/he may needs to pay high for it. (It’s serious).
The online community is not safe for Family anymore
Children under age may often share Cell Numbers, Private Email Address which can be hacked by people and can pass it to the criminals who have a blue-print to harm the society. And people are loosing credit card privacy and other payment processing options. Again, there are some sites created by Nasty Guys, which can lead under eighteen teenagers to a different path – That Is Going To Bring Harms To The Nation.
It is going to damage a Human’s Natural Power
We can think, gather human principles (ethical knowledge) and make co-operative relationships between friends and families. But due to harmful aspects of (IT) people are becoming fully technological based. And it can bring huge damage to the society as its taking away the natural thoughts and organic ideas.
It can bring World Destruction without Efficient Administration
This is an extra point which I am writing by remembering various Science Fictions. Great scholars have though about the matter wisely. Til now, we (humans) are possessing the leading place in the world and administering the computer technology. But a day MAY come when the technology is going to administer us in all aspects. It may probably happen that we are converted to the slaves of Technology.
So, by this cons I am not trying to tell that Technology is here to bring harms only, because I myself is a technological man who passes 24 hours browsing computer and talking on phones. But as a part of human society we need to give up a look at the both sides of IT.
Reference: http://113tidbits.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-information-technology/3696/
Information Technology Pros
1. The world got flexibility
What we think, do or plan must be shared with our co-workers, colleagues and friends. The internet technology has advanced this system to a great extent. The telephone idea (by Alexander Graham Bell) has been modified and made as Cell Phones to increase more flexibility in communication and talk to our dear fellows whenever we require!
2. The sense of responsibility has increased
Let us take ‘Barack Obama- USA President’ as the figure. With the use of networking sites (Twitter and Facebook), blogs, social bookmarking, the leader can approach to the world whenever necessary and we can receive the news and updates which he has done (or wants to be done by us) within a very short period.
3. Easy thinking & evolution in transportation
To think and to research, we need resources to find what our past people has thought, what quotes they have left for us (+information + theory). We can find them by a single click in Search engines (specially Google, Yahoo!). By getting a clear cut idea, we get the chance of contributing the world with new technological ideas and inventions and share what we have learnt throughout our lives.
And throughout the ages, it helped us to evolute the transportation strategy which helps us to visit from a place to another by (Roads, highways, air, water and in the skies!)
4. Saves thousand of lives daily
So, by the point heading I hope you understand I am referring towards Medical Sector development. Each day people are getting relief by the perfect use of Medicine, Hospital Technology with addition of (X-Rays, Laser Treatments) and more on the queue. By the combination of the World Health Organization, various fatal diseases can be overcome and just expelled from specified countries by quick plans and ideas.
5. Increase the sense of Human Rights
The technology can remind of our human rights, basic needs and give updates where relief or worldwide help is necessary. During earthquakes, terrible floods, while co-operation is necessary the World Wide Web can help us to collect the donation by a desired amount.
It is not possible to just figure out everything about the good and bad sides of Information and Technology within a page and article as because it has mixed with every aspects and corners of our lives. Rather, let us look at the side effects, bad sides (cons) which IT-sectors have brought to the Human Society.
Information Technology Cons
It has taken away people’s Privacy
As IT-Sectors have wined the people’s heart worldwide. People are here to share and store any kind of information, private date in their hard drives and private online databases. But due to some Cyber-Criminals, nothing is SO Safe both online and offline. If someone becomes a bit careless, s/he may needs to pay high for it. (It’s serious).
The online community is not safe for Family anymore
Children under age may often share Cell Numbers, Private Email Address which can be hacked by people and can pass it to the criminals who have a blue-print to harm the society. And people are loosing credit card privacy and other payment processing options. Again, there are some sites created by Nasty Guys, which can lead under eighteen teenagers to a different path – That Is Going To Bring Harms To The Nation.
It is going to damage a Human’s Natural Power
We can think, gather human principles (ethical knowledge) and make co-operative relationships between friends and families. But due to harmful aspects of (IT) people are becoming fully technological based. And it can bring huge damage to the society as its taking away the natural thoughts and organic ideas.
It can bring World Destruction without Efficient Administration
This is an extra point which I am writing by remembering various Science Fictions. Great scholars have though about the matter wisely. Til now, we (humans) are possessing the leading place in the world and administering the computer technology. But a day MAY come when the technology is going to administer us in all aspects. It may probably happen that we are converted to the slaves of Technology.
So, by this cons I am not trying to tell that Technology is here to bring harms only, because I myself is a technological man who passes 24 hours browsing computer and talking on phones. But as a part of human society we need to give up a look at the both sides of IT.
Reference: http://113tidbits.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-information-technology/3696/
วันจันทร์ที่ 23 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2555
Chapter9
Twitter is an online social networking service and microblogging service that enables its users to send and read text-based posts of up to 140 characters, known as "tweets". It was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey and launched that July. The service rapidly gained worldwide popularity, with over 300 million users as of 2011, generating over 300 million tweets and handling over 1.6 billion search queries per day.It has been described as "the SMS of the Internet."
There are many reasons using twitter
1) It is free to use and easy too! Signing up takes just a few minutes and using it takes the same amount of time but you can get lost in the moment of browsing profiles and “following” people. Any PC or cell phone can be used when on the social site.
2) It is one of the most basic applications to use. It uses the lowest possible common denominator for every single language: the internet protocol. Using ones and zeros allow this site to be one of the most simple to use in the world.
Information bias is a type of cognitive bias, and involves e.g. distorted evaluation of information. Information bias occurs due to people's curiosity and confusion of goals when trying to choose a course of action.
Bias information (Example)
see: http://www.conservapedia.com/Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia
Gender bias
See Examples of Bias in Wikipedia: Gender biasGlobal warming
See Examples of Bias in Wikipedia: Global warmingHomosexuality
See Examples of Bias in Wikipedia: HomosexualityLiberal Politicians
See Examples of Bias in Wikipedia: Liberal Politicians
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